El director general de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC), Roberto Azevêdo, sostuvo que después de la pandemia del coronavirus el mundo está lleno de oportunidades, y que el potencial de los exportadores de República Dominicana, el Caribe y Centroamérica es inmenso, si obtienen las informaciones requeridas y se proveen las plataformas necesarias.
El director de la OMC dictó una conferencia virtual, desde Ginebra, este lunes 15 de junio, sobre “Comercio internacional en el nuevo contexto global”, en la celebración del 48 aniversario de la fundación de la Asociación Dominicana de Exportadores (ADOEXPO), cuyo presidente, Luis Concepción, pronunció las palabras de bienvenida, en un hito en vista de que por primera vez un representante máximo de ese organismo internacional se dirige a los dominicanos.
En la actividad también contó con la participación del Ministro de Economía, Planificación y Desarrollo, Juan Ariel Jiménez; la embajadora Representante Permanente de la República Dominicana ante la OMC, Katrina Naut, y la vicepresidente ejecutiva de ADOEXPO, Odile Miniño Bogaert.
Presenciaron la intervención directivos y socios de ADOEXPO, miembros del Cuerpo Diplomático y Consultar; exportadores, empresarios, representantes de medios de comunicación, quienes formularon preguntas.
El orador Azevêdo señaló que las asociaciones nacionales, como ADOEXPO, desempeñan un papel fundamental para ayudar a las empresas a aprovechar las oportunidades del mercado internacional.
Manifestó que después del Covid-19, las grandes empresas estarán buscando suplidores en diversos lugares, particularmente en áreas que tienen culturas y entornos políticos diferentes, y enfatizó que en Centroamérica y el Caribe “no hemos sido grandes suplidores, hemos estado mirando desde afuera, y los gobiernos y las asociaciones como Adoexpo tienen un rol que jugar para proveer las plataformas necesarias para que las empresas tengan éxitos”.
Indicó que la OMC “está en disposición de interactuar con ustedes para proveerles el apoyo y la acción que ustedes necesiten; nuestras puertas están abiertas, física y virtualmente”, a fin de crear oportunidades a pequeñas empresas, mujeres y jóvenes que se conecten con el comercio internacional”.
Azevedo expresó que los economistas de la OMC proyectan que el comercio caerá abruptamente este año en todas las regiones y sectores, y que en un escenario relativamente optimista ven que el comercio mundial de mercancías caerá un 13% en el 2020, más que durante la crisis de 2008.
“En un escenario pesimista, la disminución podría llegar hasta un 32%. Esto es similar a los primeros tres años de la Gran Depresión”, expuso.
Señaló que claramente, estos cambios crean oportunidades, pero que los países necesitan trabajar para poder aprovechar estas oportunidades. “Tendrán que desarrollar la infraestructura y la conectividad necesaria, y también las regulaciones apropiadas”, añadió.
“Con las políticas de acompañamiento adecuadas, el comercio puede ayudar a promover oportunidades en todos los ámbitos. Puede estimular la productividad, la competitividad y la diversificación. Y puede crear oportunidades para la inclusión socioeconómica, permitiendo que las pequeñas empresas, las mujeres y los jóvenes se conecten con los mercados mundiales”, manifestó.
Dijo que capitalizar el potencial económico del comercio será particularmente importante debido a la pandemia COVID-19, la cual ha provocado la peor crisis económica de nuestras vidas. Las noticias económicas y sociales han sido sombrías – disminución de la producción, pérdida masiva de empleos y una creciente incertidumbre.
Agregó que las medidas de distanciamiento social y las cuarentenas han reducido drásticamente la demanda. Las empresas no esenciales tuvieron que cerrar sus puertas.
“El comercio se ha visto gravemente afectado por los golpes que ha sufrido la oferta y demanda. Los países en desarrollo en particular se han visto afectados en varias dimensiones. Las cadenas de valor transfronterizas se han visto afectadas por cierres de fábricas y fronteras, problemas de transporte y la caída de la demanda de los consumidores. Los servicios como los viajes y el turismo casi se han paralizado”, acotó.
El orador Azevedo explicó que “esto tiene serias implicaciones para países como la República Dominicana, donde el turismo representa una parte significativa de los empleos, las exportaciones de servicios y la actividad económica general. Entiendo que las interrupciones en el sector turístico del país también han afectado las cadenas de valor agrícolas a nivel nacional. Los hoteles, por ejemplo, eran importantes compradores de frutas y otros alimentos. Además de esto, los precios de los productos básicos están cayendo, al igual que las remesas del extranjero”.
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