Ciudad de México, 21 de enero de 2021.- Con el desarrollo tecnológico muchas definiciones han surgido en torno a “qué es una ciudad inteligente”. En la actualidad hay muchos factores potenciales que pueden hacer que una ciudad sea «inteligente», sin embargo, no existe una definición universalmente aceptada pues varía dependiendo de la región, su nivel de desarrollo, voluntad de cambio, políticas, recursos y aspiraciones de los habitantes. Se podría decir que el factor común entre todos los proyectos de ciudades inteligentes del mundo está en su objetivo final: la habitabilidad de sus ciudadanos, y en eso, los expertos de empresas como Axis han estado de acuerdo, no obstante, existen otros factores que influyen en la esfera de las Smart Cities, como el papel crucial de la agregación de datos en la construcción de una ciudad inteligente y cómo los sistemas de vigilancia pueden ayudar a las ciudades a ser más inteligentes.
Sergio Zaleta, Key Account Manager en Axis Communications señaló al respecto que cualquier ciudad que pretende adquirir el carácter de inteligente tiene una necesidad fundamental de datos agregados para poder operar, ya que el aspecto “inteligente” se basa en vincular una gran cantidad de información de varias fuentes y luego darle sentido.
Por ejemplo, dispositivos como cámaras de red pueden recopilar información visual y de audio, que luego se pueden emparejar con sensores especializados que miden condiciones ambientales como la calidad del aire y generar estrategias de mejora. No obstante, uno de los principales desafíos de la construcción de una ciudad inteligente es reunir estos datos, ya que a menudo requiere romper la línea que divide a cada departamento de la ciudad, dijo el experto. Ya que una ciudad no será inteligente únicamente por tener una instalación de cámaras de video, hace falta una integración que coexista con los diferentes servicios públicos y con otros sistemas en red que en conjunto tenga beneficios como:
- Eficiencia en los servicios: se trata de optimizar el uso de los recursos públicos para brindar un mejor servicio al ciudadano, tales aspectos pueden ir desde acortar los tiempos de respuestas ante incidentes como la gestión de los espacios públicos. Las cámaras de red equipadas con software de análisis de video pueden ayudar de dos maneras: facilitando la detección de peligros potenciales y el reconocimiento de falsas alarmas, sin dejar de lado la sensación de seguridad y experiencia de las personas. En el caso de un incidente, pueden alertar a los servicios de emergencia o las autoridades en tiempo real, además proporcionan detalles cruciales de la escena. Esto permite, por ejemplo, que un servicio de ambulancias evalúe la situación y esté completamente preparado para abordarla de manera adecuada.
La videovigilancia ha dado un paso más allá de las cámaras fijas instaladas en los sistemas de seguridad ciudadana, también pueden provenir de dispositivos como cámaras corporales para los guardias de seguridad, que ya han sido una tendencia muy importante en otros países. - Mejora de la movilidad: Las ciudades inteligentes utilizan sistemas de vigilancia para mejorar la gestión del tráfico y la movilidad urbana, haciendo que las calles sean más seguras y eficientes para todos los usuarios. La videovigilancia, junto con el análisis de video, es una herramienta clave para monitorear las redes de carreteras, las intersecciones y cómo se mueven las personas en la ciudad. Proporciona una vista en tiempo real del flujo de tráfico y los incidentes, incluidos los accidentes y la gestión de multitudes, que pueden interrumpir el flujo libre de movimientos en la ciudad.
- Crecimiento económico: Un beneficio muy importante de las ciudades inteligentes es la reducción de los costos de diversos servicios, lo cual se puede lograr mediante la información recopilada a
través de cámaras y sensores pues permiten desarrollar una estrategia preventiva que reduzca los costos a largo plazo, liberando nuevos fondos que se pueden utilizar para mejorar la ciudad. - Desarrollo de la ciudad: Los proyectos de ciudades inteligentes están ganando terreno a nivel mundial, atrayendo nuevos interesados y sus fondos a las áreas urbanas que implementan estas iniciativas. Además de los nuevos recursos, las ciudades inteligentes pueden esperar que su imagen mejore, ya que el público comienza a percibirlas como más seguras, sostenibles y más fáciles de vivir.
Las ciudades inteligentes no se desarrollan de la noche a la mañana. Puede tomar años y muchos recursos solo para romper los silos de datos y finalmente acceder al tipo de información clave en la que se basa cada proyecto de ciudad inteligente. Zaleta, señala que un aspecto clave para su éxito es la colaboración de diferentes departamentos necesaria para optimizar los procesos y la eficiencia en las ciudades. A medida que continúa el desarrollo de las ciudades inteligentes, también lo hace el desarrollo de la tecnología en sí, desde dispositivos IoT más avanzados, arquitectura abierta hasta cámaras multisensores. Con eso en mente, las autoridades deben considerar el ROI de estos sistemas, ya que la inversión en la cámara adecuada hoy admitirá múltiples casos de uso para las necesidades del futuro.
Acerca de Axis Communications
Axis ofrece soluciones de seguridad inteligentes para un mundo más seguro y eficiente. Líder del mercado en el segmento del video en red, Axis se sitúa siempre a la vanguardia del sector gracias al lanzamiento continuo de productos de red innovadores basados en una plataforma abierta y al servicio de primer nivel que brinda a los clientes a través de su red internacional de socios. Axis apuesta por relaciones de largo plazo con sus socios y pone a su disposición los productos de red más avanzados y todos los conocimientos que necesitan para comercializarlos en mercados consolidados y en nuevos países.
Axis, fundada en Suecia en 1984, tiene más de 3,646 empleados propios repartidos en más de 50 países de todo el mundo y cuenta con el apoyo de una red internacional formada por más de 90.000 socios.
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